AltLayer Documentation
  • 👋Welcome
    • Overview
  • Restaked Rollups
    • VITAL for Decentralised Verification
      • Tier-1 Finality
      • Tier-2 Finality
      • Tier-3 Finality
    • MACH for Faster Finality
      • Interoperability via MACH
    • SQUAD for Decentralised Sequencing
    • Staking of dApp Token
  • Wizard
    • Introduction
    • Technical overview
    • Create AVS
    • Manage AVS
    • Operator management
    • Hosted operator API (BLS based)
    • Custom AVS specification
      • Constructor specification requirements
      • Import Externally-Deployed AVS
    • Report bug or submit a feature request
  • Autonome
    • Deploy AI Agent
    • Autonome API guide
    • Uploading your own agent framework
    • Twitter/X login troubleshooting guide
  • ♾️AltLayer-Facilitated Actively Validated Services
    • Overview
    • AltLayer MACH AVS
      • Operator Guide
      • User Delegation Guide
    • Cyber MACH AVS for Cyber L2
      • Operator Guide
      • User Delegation Guide
    • DODOchain MACH AVS for DODO Chain
      • Operator Guide
      • User Delegation Guide
    • Fast Finality Layer for Soneium
      • Operator Guide
      • User Delegation Guide
    • Xterio MACH AVS for Xterio Chain
      • Operator Guide
      • User Delegation Guide
  • Upgrade Guide
  • 🥩ALT Restaking
    • Staking Info & Parameters
    • Restake ALT
    • Delegating reALT
    • Check and Claim Staking Rewards
    • Unstake ALT
    • Migration from Xterio (Legacy) ALT Pool to Xterio Restaked ALT Pool
    • Testnet reALT faucet
  • Rollup-as-a-Service
    • What is Rollup-as-a-Service (RaaS)?
    • AltLayer's RaaS Offering
    • RaaS Onboarding Guide
      • Optimism Rollup FAQ
      • Arbitrum Rollup FAQ
    • AltLayer Ecosystem
    • Clients in the Spotlight
    • Pricing Model
  • External Integrations
    • Account Abstraction using Biconomy
    • Enabling permissionless interoperability on AltLayer Rollup with Hyperlane
      • Deplying Hyperlane Warp Routes for ERC20 Token Bridging
      • Running Off-chain Agents
      • Setting up the bridging UI
    • Cross-chain Interoperability using Celer
      • Fungible Token Bridging
      • Non-fungible Token Bridging
      • Generic Message Passing
      • cBridge SDK
  • AltLayer's In-House Rollup Stack in Depth
    • How does AltLayer's in-house rollup stack work?
    • Decentralized Sequencer Set
    • Security via Fraud Proof
  • Rollup Types
    • Flash Layer Rollups
      • Example Use cases
        • NFT Mint Events
        • Games
        • Event Ticketing
    • Persistent Rollups
  • Core Features of AltLayer's In-House Rollup Stack
    • Modular
    • Elastic
    • Multi-VM Support
    • Fraud Proofs
    • Decentralized Sequencers
    • Tiered-Finality
  • FlashLayer Showcase
    • AltLayer's POAP NFTs Collection Mint
      • Performance Test in the Wild
    • Dark Forest Community Round
    • Oh Ottie! NFT Collection Mint
    • Dark Forest Community Round for Jump Crypto's Pit Event
    • Ottie 2048
    • Other demos
      • Fraud Proof Demo
      • Flash Layer Demo
      • Rollup Launchpad Demo
      • FlashGPT Demo
  • Implementation Status
    • Roadmap
    • Development Status
  • Community & Support
    • Community
    • Support
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  1. Core Features of AltLayer's In-House Rollup Stack

Tiered-Finality

Blockchains typically only differentiate between blocks that have been finalized and blocks that have not. AltLayer on the other hand, uses a tiered methodology for block finalization. The tiered methodology allows an end user to decide on the finality status of a transaction give her security budget. Finalization consists of three different tiers: Execution-level (for low security budget, Verification-level (for medium security budget) and Rollup-level (for high security budget).

As the block progresses through the different tiers of finalization, there is an increasing level of confidence on the finality of the block. The level of confidence is lowest at the execution-level and is the highest at the rollup-level.

Execution-level Finalization: As discussed earlier, transactions get collected from the transaction pool and packed into blocks by block producers. Block are then accepted by the consensus protocol that the block producers participate in. Blocks and transactions therein that have been accepted by the consensus protocol are said to be finalized at the execution-level.

Verification-level Finalization: After blocks have been produced by block producers and have undergone the consensus protocol, they are then verified by the verifiers. Blocks that have been verified via this verification process are considered to be finalized at the verification-level.

A stronger finalization is also achieved when additional verifiers can proceed to either affirm or reject the update committed by another verfier. The more affirmations a block has, the more likely it is to be correct. Note that consensus on verified blocks via a quourm of verifiers is an optional feature in AltLayer.

Rollup-Level Finalization: Blocks that have passed the quorum consensus will go through a period of time open for challenges. This allows anyone to run their own verifier and participate in the verification process if they so wish to. In the event that a discrepancy is found between the challenger and the proposal on chain, the challenger may choose to make a challenge on the block.

If the challenge is successful, any block found after the point of challenge will be deemed invalid. AltLayer would also have to perform a state revert up till the point of the last valid block. In the case where the challenge is unsuccessful, the stake provided by the challenger will be slashed.

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Last updated 2 years ago